I got the Arduino IDE working on Debian #Linux! Why is this worth announcing? Well, to let it upload stuff over the USB serial link, I had to add myself to the "dialout" group with
sudo usermod -a -G dialout user
...but this change only takes effect after a logout or reboot and I can't be bothered to do that because I don't like restoring all my windows back to where they were. However, last night I had a 90 minute power cut so had to reboot.